Sunday, May 17, 2020

Book Review The Danger Of A Single Story And Tony Porter

Andrea Green Neil MAN 4102 Professor Jacqueline Donovan September 20, 2014 Exam 1 1a. Two Ted talks shown were Chimamanda Adichie: The danger of a single story and Tony Porter: A call to men. 1b. Chimamanda Adiche in her Ted Talk spoke of perceptions. Ideas that are formed in peoples minds. These perceptions are a lot of times because of stories told, what is shown in the media. In this talk Chimamanda spoke of her perceptions which came about from books that she read as a child. She thought that in other countries all the people did was â€Å"eat apples, drink ginger beer, and spoke about the weather†. Adiche also spoke about her early writings. She thought that books had to be about things and people who were foreign. Main reason for this perception is that up to that point she had not come across a book that was about Nigeria. To enable the listener to get a full understanding of what she spoke of sshe spoke of Fide a house boy that was employed by her parents as a house boy. Because her mother always spoke about how poor Fide was she had never been able to see Fide in another light. In her mind Fide was nothing but a boy from a poor family. Adiche made mention of her college roommate in the United States who also had her perceptions of Africa/Africans, these perceptions leads to stereotypes. Her roommate was unaware that Africans spoke English or that Africans listened to pop music like Americans do. Her roommate was also under the impression that Africans did not know how toShow MoreRelatedIssue Management: Risk Management2957 Words   |  12 Pagesfuture because it is easier to put off daunting measures today to prevent â€Å"far-off† disaster. Fourth, we cling on to the status quo. And fifth we only start fixing problems when we have personally suffered harm or can see that danger is heading our way.†[3] In his book, Inevitable Surprises, Peter Schwartz argues that scenario planning will give businesses a competitive edge. Scenario planning is an approach to risk management which companies should adopt. This strategy allowsRead MoreJollibee Food Corporation Strategic Management10049 Words   |  41 Pagesin operation worldwide JFC Brand stores Positioning and Cultural school network The Ashridge Mission model Johnson Cultural web Cultural Dimensions Graph Strategic Mapping Jollibee Products and Service Competitive Comparison Summary SWOT Analysis Porter, Ansoff and SWOT combination Value chain diagram Profitability ratio Liquidity ratio Efficiency ratio Capital structure and Gearing ratio Market Ratio JFC and Jollibee operating stores Philippine Fast Good Industry product offered Philippine FastRead MoreHbr When Your Core Business Is Dying74686 Words   |  299 Pagesyou keep thousands of employees, operating in hundreds of countries, as honest as they are competitive? 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Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOne Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Robbins, Stephen P. Organizational behavior / Stephen P. Robbins, Timothy A. 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Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Discussing The Legalization Of Prostitution - 1604 Words

Karina Sobreira Final Paper SOC 3561 04/19/2015 Discussing the Legalization of Prostitution To better discuss the legalization of prostitution there’s a need to know its definition. Legalization of prostitution is where prostitution becomes controlled by the government and becomes legal under specific conditions. Legalization may include prostitution-specific controls chosen by the state, which could include licensing, registration, and mandatory regular health checks ups. Prostitution has been legalized in Netherlands, Germany, Iceland, Switzerland, Austria, Denmark, Greece, Turkey, Senegal, Nevada in the USA, and many Australian states (Mossman, 2007). Prostitution has been shaped by economic, demographic, social, and ethical changes†¦show more content†¦Expansion of the sex industry Though it is expected that the expansion of the sex industry would be controlled by legislation, it actually does the opposite. â€Å"Legislation leads to massive expansion† (Sullivan Jeffreys, 2001). For example in Victoria, Australia, from when it first legalized brothels 1984 until 2004, â€Å"sexual service providers† increased from 40 to 184, not counting the growth of illegal prostitution, which was estimated to be four to five times the size of the legal sector (Sullivan, 2005). Also, the demand for sex services grows rapidly after legalization. Many men who before legalization wouldn’t risk buying women, see it now as acceptable; as prostitution becomes legal, treating women as merchandise also becomes ethical and socially acceptable. There is also an impact on the future generations of men and boys; they will now receive the message that prostitution is harmless and fun. Businessmen are now encouraged to carry out meetings in clubs where they provide naked women laying on the center of the table (Raymond, 2003). Empowering women Continuing looking at prostitution in Australia, as legalization became a possibility, feminists believed they would have control over their clients, their working conditions, and would have a healthy and safe environment if working for an employer. They believed legalization would empowerShow MoreRelatedProstitution Essay1724 Words   |  7 Pages Prostitution has been a part of our worlds culture since the beginning of time, and is the worlds oldest profession. Ever since the beginning of time man has felt the need to pay for services of a sexual nature, whether are legal or not. In our culture; however, prostitution has become a topic of debate concerning the merits of this professions legality. 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Then, we’ll be examining why we should be legalizing prostitution rather than just decriminalizing itRead MoreAdvocate Research Paper1248 Words   |  5 Pagesthe U.S. In other countries, however, prostitution doesn’t carry the same negative connotation, as it does in the U.S. In Canada, The Netherlands, France, and many other countries, prostitution has been legal for some time now. Domestically, the counties surrounding Las Vegas are famous for being home to the only legal commercial fornication in the U.S. Still, to look at Nevada alone when discussing the subject would be to neglect the majority of prostitution that occurs in the US. Illegal sex workRead MoreLegalizing Prostitution : The Good, The Bad And The Ugly1638 Words   |  7 PagesLegalizing Prostitution: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly Prostitution, as stated by Rudyard Kipling, is considered to be known as â€Å"the world’s oldest profession,† and for good reason. Zac Fanni, a writer for Sabotage Times, wrote a documentary based on the history of prostitution and its origins. The sex-trade began with the Sumerians, who, in ancient times, worshiped Ishtar, the goddess of love and war. They believed that every morning she was â€Å"born anew as a maiden,† and every day the sky fellRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1371 Words   |  6 PagesKayla Beaty College Success Professor Jernigan 02/04/2015 Prositution in the U.S For my paper I chose the topic â€Å"Prostitution In the U.S† I picked this topic because I feel as if there’s a lot to discuss about the subject itself. Prostitution in my eyes, should be illegal in all parts of America. I feel as if the crime itself is degrading not only to women, but the families of those involved that choose to commit these acts. 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Prostitution in the United States has always had the moral stigma of being unacceptable in the eyes of its citizens, yet welcomed when prostitution has been used throughout our history to accomplish great things. Take for example the building of this nation’s railroads, or the earlyRead MoreThe Legalization Of Prostitution Is A Choice1850 Words   |  8 Pagesgrowing being, was prostitution. Despite her struggles, it is not about her lack of opportunity that is undoubtedly unfair. However, it is the recent illegalization of prostitution that impairs an individual’s constitutional right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Of great importance to conservative politicians, as well as many others, is the restriction of the freedoms to take part in simple, natural acts which is simply unfair. The legalization of prostitution sheds light on positivityRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized?2248 Words   |  9 Pages Prostitution is defined as the act of â€Å"providing or receiving sexual acts, between a prostitute and a client, in exchange for money or some other form of remuneration† (Hock 557). The idea of exchanging sex for valuables has been around since the beginning of human society. The first reported data about prostitution was reported around 3000 B.C.E in one of the first known civilizations, Mesopotamia (Caraboi and Fierbinteanu 362). It is often referred to as â€Å"the world’s oldest professionRead MoreLegalization of Prostitution: Womens Studies2102 Words   |  9 PagesLegalization of Prostitution The purpose of this paper is to focus on the vastly contentious issue of the legalization of prostitution. Within this subject I will consider both arguments for legalizing prostitution, as well as arguments against. 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Hospitality Industry of Australia.

Question: Discuss about the Continuous Professional Development ? Answer : Introduction The following report is designed to provide an insight into the continuous professional development in the hospitality industry of Australia. The focus has been made on the macro-trends taking place in the industry, especially the climate change and energy. The report also visualizes the future of the industry through environmental inspection, blue sky thinking and scenario planning. An evaluation of the dynamics of complexity and impact of changes on the professional performance has been made. Moreover, a brief analysis of professional values, ethics and CSR of Australian hospitality industry has also been included in the report. Self- Introduction Im an innovative manager with 5 years of experience to manage all aspects of the management function such as planning, organizing, directing, staffing, coordinating, and controlling to provide benefits to the company. I have spent the last 2 years on developing my skills as an assistant manager for Old Canberra Inn., where I have won a number of performance awards and been promoted two times. I love managing teams and solving customer problems. I have leadership skills that are a significant element to take a tactic decision about the goals and objectives of an organization. I am also capable of allocating the resources at the time to meet the directives. This skill contains different components such as assigning work, motivating people and influence to others effectively. Although, I like my current role because I feel that I am now ready for taking the more challenging tasks and this position really electrified me. I have more than one years of experience as a marketing manager at top Palazzo Versace, Australia. Most recently, I appreciated for making innovative proposals. Im a person who succeeds in a fast-paced environment so right now Im looking for an opportunity to apply my technical skill and my creative problem-solving skills at an innovative hotel. Along with this, I have the ability to interact with another person because I have effective communication skills. It would be beneficial to attract more customers towards my organization in future. Together with, I have the capability to work more effectively in my group and teams which may be formal and informal. I am also risk taker person because I have taken different kinds of risks to maximize the return within the organization. As, I have capability and competencies to start my own hotel or make a career in the hospitality industry in future. Background of Hospitality Industry The hospitality industry is the wide segment within the service industry which includes event planning, transportation, event planning, theme parks, cruise line and additional areas within the tourism industry. Hospitality is one of the leading and fast growing industries in the world. In the current year, it ranks as the leading employer in the globe because it facilitates the wide range of jobs in different areas within hospitality and tourism like resorts, hotels, and restaurants (Lee-Ross, 2014). Together with, the hotel industry is an important sector in the economy of Australia. Besides this, hospitality industry facilitates the employment opportunities to more than the 27000 people across the nation. Hotels are major consumers of domestic supplied goods and services hence it required to get support with local sporting and community organization (Wang, C. J., Tsai, H. T., Tsai, M. T. (2014). Thus, it can be stated that hospitality industry offers the valuable services as a mee ting destination and entertainment center for both tourists and the local community. PEST Analysis of Australia Political factor Australia has good trading policies with its neighbor nation and their trades are in positive condition. Hence, it would be beneficial to expand the business in the hospitality industry across the Australia. Along with this, pressure group will make the business to consider the corporate local responsibilities and ethics that company should consider in their practices in Australia (Ho, 2014). It is analyzed that Australian economy has not involved in any kinds of war inside and outside the nation which shows that political environment is sound in this nation. Besides this, the government of Australia regulated open door policy which encourages the international businesses to invest their resources for the benefits of Australian customers. Australia also maintains the voting election for the house of representative in each year by using the Australian election system. Hence, it can be stated that political environment is relatively constant and business regulation could be revised while the new government will elect to use power (Morris, and Metternicht, 2016). As a result, it would be beneficial to business expansion in the hospitality industry because the government will not interference in a business decision. Economic factor Australia is facing recession and an inflation rate of 2-3% and the unemployment rate is around 5.7%. There are a high amount of taxes imposed by the government of Australia named corporate tax, sales tax, progressive income tax pay as people earn. In this way, corporate tax rate is viable in Australia as compared to other developed countries. Australian trade is more focuses towards the Asia and pacific countries as a manager can expand the business in the hospitality industry in Australia (Barba, et al., 2016). Further, the purchasing power of people is high as it would be beneficial to offer the luxury goods and services to customers in the Hospitality industry. Social factor The population of Australia is low together with its population density is low which shows that there is less obstruction in the local areas. The population dynamic demonstrates that there is a large amount of Australian in the working class. This provides anticipation for a vibrant economy (Hsu, et al., 2017). In contrast to this, a number of people are old age while the number of young population is small. It indicated that while the current generation passes, then the population will reduce significantly. It would be beneficial for expanding their business because the company can effectively assess the market research due to low population. Furthermore, Australians are conscious of taking healthy foods and standard lifestyle. The current trend is that numbers of Australians are overweight and obese (Robinson, et al., 2016). Due to this, I can expand the business by providing fat-free products and healthy products because people are interested in losing their weight. Technological factor There are different technological factors which can affect the expansion of business. These are automation, research and development activities, technology incentives, and rate of technological changes. These factors can barrier to entry, minimum efficient production level, and also affect the outsourcing decision. In Australia, advanced technology has been used as it allowed the organization to manage their operation efficiently and provide freedom to choice the operation. For example, knowledge-based systems have allowed the organization to make feasible and more informed decisions in real-time. Moreover, advanced technology may decline the costs, quality, and lead to innovation (Hsu, et al., 2017). For example, Hotel can use online booking systems for advance booking of hotel facilities as it would be beneficial to decline the cost of the company. Goals As a manger of a hotel company in hospitality industry, I am expected to possess necessary skills Customer satisfaction, industry experience, problem solving, communication, and leadership. I am expected to have good management skills for carrying out the job of supervising the hotel. Also, my employer expects me to effectively coordinate the activities of hotel personnel to make sure that facilities are well- maintained. Moreover, my duties include taking initiatives to enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty so as to retain them in the long-run (Domnguez-Falcn et al., 2016). Properly monitoring the maintenance of administrative and financial records is also the most important responsibility of mine being a hotel manager. In addition to above, I need to look into customer complaints and also sometimes need to handle legal and financial aspects of the organization. My other activities also include setting room rates, up keeping tracks of budgets, and interviews, and hiring, and terminating employees, checking overall customer comfort and experiences, recreation, and safety and maintenance. My career goal is to find an interesting and challenging role in clubs or hotels where I can employ my exceptional interpersonal, management, and leadership skills to make a significant contribution and confidently lead a team. On the other hand, the goals of my employer are recruiting right people in the organization through behavior-based testing and competency screening, and take the organization to great heights of success by delivering excellent services to the clients and customers (Okumus et al., 2016). In order to align my organizational goals to my career goals, I would contribute my best as an employee of t he hotel and keep on learning from the internal and external organizational environment. Professional Values, Ethics and Social responsibility In Australias modern and complex era where business survival has become a challenge, the hospitality industry has to take a little extra care while dealing with its customers, supplier, and the government rules and policies (Mackenzie, and Peters, 2014). The professional values that a hotel organization embraces indicate its workplace culture. The most important values in Australias hospitality sector are integrity, meeting commitments, teamwork, maintaining confidentiality, accepting accountability, punctuality, and trustworthiness which can be clearly reflected in the conduct and decisions taken by the management. The ethical practices in Australias hospitality industry include providing quality services by combining the efforts and experiences of human resources. By adhering to the relevant legal standards, the organizations attempt to save the company from being discredited (Knani, 2014). Also, the organizations employ fair business practices so as not to exploit customers or clients. Further, the hospitality organizations adopt environment sustainability practices to conserve non-renewable resources for the continual development of environmental platform. In this view, the employees are motivated to work efficiently to improve our management of energy, waste, water and biodiversity (Mackenzie, and Peters, 2014). Moreover, the organizations employ and lodge people belonging from distinct cultures and provide them equal rights, and opportunities for growth. The team members at the workplace respect each others religion, customs, and opinions, which strengthen the team efforts in accomplishing organizational objectives. Competency Assessment Socio-cultural and Personal Competence Competency Assessment Socio-cultural and Personal Competence Rating Generic 4 Leadership 5 Commitment 3 Attitude 2 Self-direction 4 Learning 2 Cultural empathy 2 Innovation and creativity 4 (Note: 1= extremely low, 2 = low, 3 = medium, 4 = high, 5 = extremely high) From the above competency assessment, it can be analyzed that I have different Socio-cultural and Personal Competencies but some skills are low and some are high. It is stated that I have a high level of generic competencies because I use general professional approach to meet the assignments, to build teamwork and to meet the performance objectives. Together with, I got an extremely high score in leadership competencies which indicated that I am capable of providing direction, motivation, and management to individuals and teams. Furthermore, I have obtained a medium score for commitment competencies which shows that my personal dedication to meet the task and to get reliable project outcomes is average. In contrast to this, I have obtained a low score for attitude skills which mean I am a narrow mind that discourages integrity and also unable me for attaining the project goals within a desired social context. It is also evaluated that I got a high score for self-direction skills which exhibit that I have high capability to manage within and without guidelines and processes and to work without supervision. Together with, my learning skills is low that depicted I do not commit to making continuous improvement in knowledge, skills, and attitude, and to creating new knowledge, developing skills and approaches. Along with this, I got a low score in cultural empathy which means my awareness of, respect for and accommodation of individual lifestyle, beliefs, and norms are not good. But, at the same time, innovation and creativity skills are high which means I have a high capacity to generate new ideas/approaches realize these in a beneficial manner. Managerial and Technical Competencies Managerial and Technical Competencies Competencies Rating Strategic Thinking 4 Change management 5 Team working skills 3 Cross-cultural skills 2 Financial acumen 4 Supplier relationship management 2 Project management 3 Risk management 5 Ethical judgment 4 Decision making 2 (Note: 1= extremely low, 2 = low, 3 = medium, 4 = high, 5 = extremely high) As per the analysis, it can be stated that I have four core skills, 4 are secondary core skills and 2 are basic skills. In this way, it can be stated that my core skills are strategic thinking, change management, team working skills, and cross-cultural skills. Furthermore, my four secondary skills are team working skills, cross-cultural skills, financial acumen, and supplier relationship management. Together with, it is analyzed that my two basic skills are ethical judgment and decision making. From the assessment of managerial and technical competencies, it is observed that I got highest marks for strategic thinking which means I think about, assess, view, and create the future for themselves and others. Further, I obtained the extremely high score in change management which demonstrated that I have the capability to manage the changes and development inside the business and similar organization. Besides with, I obtained a medium score in team working skills which means I willing to cooperate the group of people towards work together with coordinate to attain the common aim. In addition to this, I have a low score in cross-cultural skills which means my knowledge, skills, and motivation unable me to adopt cross-cultural environments. I have a high score in the financial acumen competencies which indicated that I maintain and apply the broad understanding of financial management principals to take sound and economical decision. As per the above assessment, it can be stated that I am unable to maintain the relationship with supplier due to lack of knowledge. Further, I got a medium score for Project management which depicts that I can initiate, plan, execute, control, and close the work of a team which will be beneficial to attain specific goals and meets specific success criteria. But, sometimes, I faced challenges due to inadequate knowledge for managing the project. Moreover, I obtained an extremely high score in risk management competencies which mean I have an appropriate understanding of the risk management. As well as, I am capable of identifying and addressing the risk within and outside the business as it helps to attain the goals of the company effectively and efficiently. From the analysis, it can be evaluated that I have obtained a high score in ethical judgment which means my decision is based on whether something is ethical or unethical, right or wrong. But, at the same time, it is analyzed that I got a low score in decision-making competence which means I unable to take a feasible decision within the organization. Competencies Needed From the assessment, it can be stated I have a wide range of Socio-cultural and Personal Competence, and Managerial and Technical Competencies. But, I need to improve some of the skills to attain the goals and objectives. As per the assessment of Socio-cultural and Personal Competence, it can be stated I need to improve my commitment, and attitude to develop competence during the entire professional development program. Along with this, I need to enhance learning and cultural empathy skills to grab the different opportunities because it may come from the learning in the program and from engagement with other activities. According to the managerial and technical competencies, it can be stated that I need to improve my team working and cross-cultural skills which are core skills as it would be effective to develop my managerial and technical competencies. As well as, I need to maintain supplier relationship management and project management that is secondary skills and it would be beneficial to effectively meet the goals and objectives of the company. Together with, I have observed that I have a lack of Decision-making skills hence I should improve my decision-making skills because it is my basic skills and it would be effective to develop my managerial and technical skills. Along with this, it would be beneficial to optimum utilization of resources. Proposed personal and profession development plan Aim and development objectives Activities needed to undertake to achieve objective Timescale Aim: Enhancing the attitude skills To take better decisions. To overcome obstacles by motivating themselves. To improve health and reduce stress. Induction training Interesting work or at least the opportunity for interesting assignments from time to time. Participation in decisions Opportunities for growth Control over their work (Brownell, 2015). 2 Months Aim: Enhancing the learning skills To identify the organizational issues To improve job performance To match the individual aspirations with organizational goals Systematic problem solving effective Training Ongoing programs Learning from past experience Learning from others Transferring knowledge 5 Month Aim: Enhancing the Cultural empathy skills To understand different perspectives and experiences To identify the behaviors of others Conduct a Cultural Audit Build a Culturally Competent Organization Learn to identify your own feelings (Brownell, 2015). 4 month Aim: Improving team working skills To build healthy competition among the team members To improve the relations among the employees Implement Recognition Programs Encourage Social Activities Identify Existing Problems Outline Clear Roles Mediate Disputes 4 month Aim: Building cross-cultural skills To tolerate uncertainties, ambiguities and unexpected changes in an intercultural interaction To interact with people from other cultures Conducting cultural self-assessment Building on the strengths and resources of each culture in an organization Willing to share power among leaders of different cultural backgrounds Identify barriers to working with the organization 8 month Aim: Upgrading Supplier relationship management To manage working capital. To set clear expectations and KPIs To find opportunities and improve supply chain sustainability Spend visibility across the enterprise Tactical sourcing with bidding and auction tools Standardized self-service, plan-driven, and services procurement Centralized contract management (Lawson, et al., 2015). 2 Months Aim: Building project management skills To Keep projects on schedule To Keep costs on budget To deliver on customer expectations Managing time/schedule Managing human resources Managing risk Managing procurement Managing costs (Turner, 2016). 4 Months Aim: Developing Decision-making skills To better usage of resources. To increase overall efficiency To Innovate new ideas To Motivate the employees Brainstorm and list different possible choices Determine the best alternative Put the decision into action Evaluate the outcome of your decision and action steps 3 Months I have created the proposed personal and professional development plan successfully by assessing all actions that are mentioned in the plan. From the above analysis, it can be stated that there are different activities that need to undertake to meet the objectives. It is also observed that I need to define engagement goals in realistic and everyday terms to meet the commitment goals. Further, the organization should develop induction training because it would be effective to improve attitude skills within the organization. As well as, this plan defines significant activities that should be used by organization and managers to meet the objectives at the given time period. SWOT Analysis and Formulation of Strategies The services of hospitality industry have expanded and become highly demanded due to increase in the number of travelers and visitors across the world. The hospitality sector is an important sector of the Australian economy as it provides employment opportunities to more than 20,000 people every year throughout the country and is the significant consumer of locally supplied products and services. It has also increased the complications in the role of hotel managers to satisfy customers, serve the organizations, and achieve career goals at the same time. Therefore, the need of self-SWOT analysis arises and I have made self-Swot analysis to evaluate my abilities to survive in hotel industry. My strengths such as professional qualifications (masters in hotel management and MBA) make me stand out from the rest of the employees. My expertise in communication skills, and leadership would definitely make a difference to the organization. My strengths enable me to grab the advantages of changes emerging in the industry Krishna, C.G., (2014). Also, the new position advertised by the hotel company matches my skill set. However, my self-evaluation also reveals that I am lacking some more skills necessary to become successful in future role, such as good interpersonal skills, the ability to motivate others, and the ability to stay calm under pressure. These weaknesses are posing threat to my position as peer possesses these skills and both of us are competing for the same position. Moreover, it has been noticed that the technological advancements such as introduction of broadband connectivity in hospitality industry has changed the ways the hotels provide different services to people. My self-swot analysis shows that I am weak in using new technologies especially ERP, CRM, and SCM, which makes me inefficient and less competitive Krishna, C.G., (2014). Therefore, I may not be able to cope with frequently changing technological environment in the organization. Preferred personal and professional development plan Aims and development objectives Activities required to undertake to accomplish objectives Timescale for achieving objectives Aim: Enhancing the Cultural empathy skills To understand different perspectives and experiences To identify the behaviors of others Conduct a Cultural Audit Build a Culturally Competent Organization Learn to identify your own feelings (Brownell, 2015). 4 month Aim: Improving team working skills To build healthy competition among the team members To improve the relations among the employees Implement Recognition Programs Encourage Social Activities Identify Existing Problems Outline Clear Roles Mediate Disputes (Fidalgo, et al., 2015). 4 month Aim: Upgrading Supplier relationship management To manage working capital. To set clear expectations and KPIs To find opportunities and improve supply chain sustainability Spend visibility across the enterprise Tactical sourcing with bidding and auction tools Standardized self-service, plan-driven, and services procurement Centralized contract management (Lawson, et al., 2015). 2 Months Aim: Upgrading Supplier relationship management To manage working capital. To set clear expectations and KPIs To find opportunities and improve supply chain sustainability Spend visibility across the enterprise Tactical sourcing with bidding and auction tools Standardized self-service, plan-driven, and services procurement Centralized contract management 2 Months From the above assessment, it is analyzed that there are four aims which are essential to improve the productivity and performance of the company. These aims can be achieved by implementing different activities within the organization. Consequently, this plan is effective to improve the competencies at the specific period due to undertaking effective activities. Conclusion On the basis of above discussions, it can be concluded that in order to improve the skills in professionals and enhance their career advancements, an effective utilization of the personal as well as professional development is needed. Moreover, such a proper application of skills and capabilities are helpful in grabbing competitive advantage over others in the corporate sector. It also assists the organizations to make the employees aware of the standards and receive positive feedback from the customers. References Barba, F. C., Snchez, G. M. D., Segu, B. S., Darabkhani, H. G., and Anthony, E. J. (2016) A technical evaluation, performance analysis and risk assessment of multiple novel oxy-turbine power cycles with complete CO 2 capture,Journal of Cleaner Production,133, pp. 971-985. Brownell, J. (2015)Listening: Attitudes, principles, and skills. 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